Predicting Behavioral Intentions to Prevent or Mitigate COVID-19: A Cross-Cultural Meta-Analysis of Attitudes, Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control Effects

We examined the effectiveness of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) theory planned behavior on COVID-19 relevant intentions behaviors. conducted a meta-analysis 335 effect sizes from 83 samples across 31 countries ( N = 68,592). found strongest effects for PBC, but contrary to previous research also moderately strong norms. Focusing systematic context effects: (a) norm–behavior associations at individual level were strengthened if population norms stronger; (b) collectivism norm in line with cultural theories, attitude PBC associations, suggesting that COVID-relevant behaviors show collective action properties; (c) theory, tightness–looseness normative behaviors; (d) post-modernization national wealth weakened associations. These analyses provide new theoretical practical insights into dynamics during an acute public health crisis.